Ventilator



L SYLVN.

VENTILATOR.

APgLvlcAmN man APR. 29, 1920.

@wanted Mar. 289 31922.

mmm@

J. SYLVAN.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29 1920.

Pand Mar. 289 19222Y @mmm 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

f7. MF. xq ,ww ..f

J. SYLVAN.

l vENmAToH.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29) 1920.

Patented Mar. 28, 1922.,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

JOSEPH SYLVAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 28, 31922.

Application iled April 29, 1920. Serial No. 377,474.

ings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a partof this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in ventilators for roofs,skylights and the like .as to induce a Ventilating action out throughsaid opening.

`This object of the invention, as well as the advantages thereof, willbe made more apparent as I proceed with my specification.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a plan view ofa skylight roof, showing myimproved construction'applied thereto for use in connection with anelongated ventilation opening in the peak or ridge of said skylight.

Fig. 2 is a vertical, transverse section, on an enlarged scale, taken ina plane indicated by the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 and shows the constructionin a vposition closing the ventilation opening in the skylight.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but with one of the sections in itsopen position, so as to produce a ventilation action through saidopening in the skylight. 1

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but with the sections shown in achanged position.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of parts of the frame-work embodied in myimproved construction.

Fig. 6 is a detail, perspective View, showing the manner in which acertain actuating member is locked against operation.

Fig. 7 is a detail, vertical section, on an enlarged scale, through theridge of my improved construction, and illustrates more particularly,the manner of scaling the ridge joint of the two sections.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal, detail vertical section through one of thesections, as taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 1.

Referring now in' detail to that embodiment of the invention illustratedin the accompanying drawings l 10 indicates the gabled skylight of abuilding to which my improved construction has been applied. As hereinshown, the skylight is of a length greater than its width and includeslongitudinally spaced rafters 11, which are inclined downwardly andoutwardly from each other from the ridge, and intermediate panels 12,which are suitably supported on said rafters 11. Said panels, which areof any suitable material, terminate at their top or inner ends at adistance from the junction of the rafters to deline an opening 13,spaced equidistant on each side of the ridge of the skylight. The saidinner ends of the panels are enclosed in bent, sheet-metal plates andflashing members 14. As shown in Fig. 1, the opening 13 extendssubstantially the full length of the skylight.

Arising from the skylight at the ends of the opening 13, aretransversely disposed, upright, substantially triangular end plates 15,which are of such width as to project beyond the sides of the opening13, as shown in Fig. 2.v The bottom parts of said end plates are securedin any suitable manner to the skylight and they are connected togethernear their middle by a longitudinal, inverted channel 16, which restsupon the junction of the rafters 11, and is secured to said rafters in amanner rigidly connecting them together.

17 indicates upright standards in the form of angle bars, which risefrom the channel 16 at points` spaced equally from each other. Theendmost standards'are arranged closely adjacent and are connected to theend plates 15, while the intermediate standards, which rise from thechannel 16 in the plane of therafters 11, are braced againstlongitudinal movement by inclined bars 18 (see Fig. 5) which connectsaid standards at `points near their middle to said channel 16. Thestandards 17 are also braced against lateral movement by inclined struts19, which are fixed at one end to said standards near their top ends andto the rafters 11, as shown. Associated with each standard and its pairof struts 19,

is a cross bar 20, which is also connected to the channel 16 and to thebottom end of the associated standard. Preferably, 1 provide alongitudinal shaft 21 to connect the top ends ofl the standards 17together and to connect said standards to their assgciated struts 19,said shaft being rotative "for a purpose to appear later.VV

The structure just described provides asubstantial frame-work which isrigidly connected to the rafters of the skylight in a`manner preventingany yielding or warping of said frame-work. Y

22--23 indicate similar, longitudinal sections or frames, which arepivoted on the median line of, but above the opening 13, to swing in avertical plane. Said sections or frames are of a length equal to thedistance between the end plates 15 and are of a combined width so as tooverhang the sheet metal plates and flashings 14 of the skylight`defining the opening 13, when said sections are opened or closed asshown in Fig. 3. Each frame includes transversely extending, edgewisearranged fiat bars 24, which are hinged. in pairs at their inner ends,to the top ends of the standards 17, there being one pair of such barsfor each standard 17. Each bar 24 carries top and bottom glazing strips-26 (see Fig. 8) to receive between them panels 27. These panels may beeither a transparent or opaque material. To the outer ends of said barsare secured a bent, sheet metal trough strip 28, which receives theouter ends ofv the panels and holds them in place. Said trough stripsinclude a. downwardly bent fiange 29, which rests upon the flashings 14of the skylight, when said sections or frames are in their closedpositions. To the inner, adjacent ends of said bars 24 are securedlongitudinal sealing strips 22a-23 which have a relative telescopicmovement so that the joint between the inner ends of the sections 22-23is effectively sealed against the entrance of rain or foreign matter, nomat; ter what the angular positions of the said` sections may be. Thesealing strip 22a on the. section 22 enters into the trough-like space23b in the sealing strip 23a on the section 23. which space registers atits ends with a discharge opening 15 in the end walls 15 when thesection 23 is in its closed position, as shown in Figs. 2, 3'and 7. Eachsealing strip 22a-23 includes a depending fiange 30, through which thebars 24 extend, said flanges acting to stiff'en the sealing strips andmore effectively connect the sealing strips to their respectivesections.

Pivotally connected at their outer ends to the outer ends of the -bars24, are brace bars 33-34 which are pivoted to each other at their innerends by a pin The said brace bars are preferably angle bars and theinner end of the upright flange of the bars 33 normallyoverhang andengage upon the horizontal flange of the bars 34. to form knuckle mentof the inner ends of said brace bars,

but'said joint prevents a downward movement of the inner ends of saidbars beyond that position wherein they are in alignment. lSecured to theinner end of each brace bar 33, near the pivot p in 35 is a small lengthof chain 36, which is wound a few turns about and is then fixed to theshaft 21.

Secured to the shaft 21 at about its middle near the vertical plane ofone of said sets of brace bars 83-34, is a small pulley 37, about whichis trained an actuating chain 38, the bottom looped end (not shown) ofwhich, hangs in a position within convenient reach of the operatorstanding on the floor of the building to which the construction has beenapplied. The two laps of this chain pass though a flat loop 34 fixed tothe upilight fiat face of the bar 34 near its inner ent. a

To open and close said sections, I provide a window operating mechanismsuch as is illustrated and described in my pending applie-ation forpatent, filed April 19, 1920, Serial Number 375,005. As the said windowoperating mechanism is set forth in detail in said application, ageneral description only of said mechanismrwill sufiice here.

39 indicates a longitudinally extending shaft. which is journaled inbearings 40 secured to the topedges of the rafters 11, near thatflashing 14 beneath the section 22. This shaft is capable of beingrotated by means of a pulley 41 fixed. thereto. an operating chain 42being` trained aboutsaid pulley. A guide 43 depends from the shaft andacts to prevent the chain from jumping off said pul- Pivotally connectedto each bar 24 of the section 22, at a point spaced inwardly from thepoint of connection of the bars 33 thereto, are rods 44, in the form ofangle bars. which normally rest upon the shaft 39 and extend inwardlyand downwardly at substantially a. right angle to the section 22 whensaid section is closed. Cha-ins 45-46 which are connected to the shaft39 and are wrapped a few turns about the same. are fixed at their endsto the inner and outer ends of the said rods 44. Thus when the shaft isrotated in wav in which the shaft is rotated.

The operation is as follows Assuine that both sections 22--23 are intheir closed positions and that the inner ends of the brace bars havefolded upwardly so that the knuckle joints between them have beenbroken. It will be noticed that the chain 38 has been so engaged betweenthe flat loop 34" and bar 34, as to be locked against movement.- hencepulling on either lap of said chain is futile and inoperative to openthe section.

Assume now that a downward pull has been imparted to that lap of thechain 42 farthest removed from the flashing strip 14. This of coursewill rotate the shaft 39 to wind and unwind t-he chains connectedthereto and impart an outward and upward movement to the rods 44 whichwill swing the section 22 about its pivot into an open position. As saidsection thus swings upwardly, the bars 33-34 will tend to straighten outby reason of the increasing of the distance between the outer ends ofsaid bars. hen said bars have fully straightened out, the knuckle jointwill hold said bars in this position and thus any further upwardmovement of the section 22 is prevented, by reason of the connectionwith the other section through the now aligned, straightened outbars33-34- This fully opened position of the section 22, is shown inFig. 3, wherein said section is inclined upwardly7 and outwardly fromthe horizontal.

Assume now that a wind is blowing in the direction of the arrow in Fig.3. Said wind will strike the section 23 and be deflected upwardly towardthe ridge to join with. that striking the top surface of the section 22.This wind willsetup an aspirating effect about the outer edges of saidsection to produce a suction which will pullthe airfrom the interior ofthe building out through the lopening 13 in the skylight. noticed thatif a vertically descending rain occurs with no appreciable wind, thesame cannot enter the opening 13 by reason of the overhang of the outeredge of the section with reference to said opening. With the section 22in this position, the chain retaining loop 34xl on the bar 34 hasreleased the chain from the Agrasp of the inner end of the loop, bymoving away from the chain, which is now free to be pulled for thepurpose of operation, if it should thus be desired. Assume that the windhas changed and is blowing ina. direction opposite to that shown in Fig.2. The chain 42 is then operated to rotate the shaft 39 in the oppositedirection. This will impart an inward movement to the rods 44 which willpull the section 22 into its closed position, the section 23 swingingupwardly into its open position (as shown in F ig. 4) by reason of thealigned and locked bars 33- -34, both frames thus swinging as anentirety in this movement. The wind will now set up an aspirating actionabout the outer edge of the section 23 and thus produce a suction todraw air out of the opening 13, in the same manner ,It will'be herein asbefore described in connection with the section 22 when it was in itsopen position As the said sections are now rigidly connected together bythe bars 33-34 and as they balance each other, the movement of theoperating shaft may be stopped so thatA both sections may be partiallyopened so that the wind can blow over the opening 13 beneath the outeredges of both sections. This midyay position is indicated by dottedlines in When the section 22 is being swung into its closed position,and the section 23 is simultaneously being swung into its open position,the flat loop 34a will in the swinging movement of the extended alignedbars, engage and grip the chain 38 and carry it upwardly with it so thatits bottom end will be lifted into a position just above its normalposition, just out of the reach of the operator.l Should the operator beable to reach the chain in this position, it is apparent that a pull onthe Same will be of no avail to breakl the joint between the two bars33-34.

o again close both sections, it is thus necessary to pull on the shaftoperating chain 42 to swing the section 22 into its fully closedposition as shown in Fig. 3. This again releases the chain 38 from thegripping action ofthe flat loop 34. Said chain 38 is then actuated torotate the shaft 2l which will wind all of the chains 36 upon itself,thus pulling upwardly ori/the knuckle`F` joints-between the bars 33-34to break the same. With the joints thus broken, the section 22 cannotfall by gravity as 'it is still held in its open position by the windowoperating mechanism. Said mechanism is now actuated to swing saidsection downwardly to close said section, the been closed beforehand. Inthis movement, the inner ends of the bars 33`34 will fold into theposition shown in Fig. 2.

It is thus apparent that a suction action is produced through theopening 13 when either section is fully opened, according to which waythe wind is blowing. The chain for breaking the knuckle joints betweenthe bars 33--34 is free for actuation only when the section 22 is open.said chain at other times being held against actuation by thegrips ofthe loop 34, Thus the construction is foolproof, in that the sectionscannot be actuated to fall or slam into a closed position, whichslamming would be injurious.

By means of my improved construction. a greater ventilation area ispossible by reason of the fact that the suction is produced over thewhole area of the skylight opening 13 at one time.

The improved construction when made with transparent panels shuts off nolight entering the building through the skylight.

()ld skylights and roofs may be easily changed to receive my improvedventilator other section having A a ventilation opening, a pair ofoppositely arranged, angularly disposed sections nornially closing saidopenings, said sections being pivoted at their adjacent margins in aplane spaced Jfrom and being capable of a swinging movement away fromand toward said ventilation opening, means forswinging one of saidsections into its open and closed positions, and means operable in .theopening. swinging movement of said section for rigidly connecting bothsections together so that thereafter both sections swing as one.

2. A ventilator of the kind described, coinprising in combination .witha means providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged,angularly disposed sections, normally closing said opening, saidsections being -pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizontal axisspaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swingingmovement in a veitical plane away from anJ toward said ventilationopening, means for swinging one of said sections into its open andclosed positions, and means operable in the opening, swinging movementof said section for rigidly connecting said sections together, so thatwhen said first named section is swung into its closed position. theother section is swung into its open position.

3. A ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with ameans providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged,angularly disposed sections normally closing said opening, said sectionsbeing pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizontal axis spacedabove said ventilation opening and being capable of a swinging movementin a vertical plane-away from and toward said ventilation opening, meansfor swing one of said sections into its open and closed positions` meansoperable in the opening swinging movement of said section for rigidlyconnecting said sections together so that thereafter both sections swingas one, and means operable only when the first named section is in itsopen position for breaking the rigid connection between said sections.

4. A ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with ameans providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely aranged,angulai'ly disposed sections normally closing said opening, saidsections being pivoted at their adjacent niargins on a horizontal axisspaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swingingmovement in a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilationopening, means for swinging one of said sections into its open andclosedpositions, and normally folded bars which are connected togetherat one end and connected at their other ends to each of said sections,said bars being adapted to unfold in the opening swinging movement ofsaid first section into alignment and to rigidly connect said sectionstogether so that when said first named section is swunginto its closedposition, the other section is swung into its open position.

5. 'A ventilator of the kind described, coinprising in combination witha means providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged,angularly disposed sections, normally closing said opening, saidsections being pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizontal axisspaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swingingmovementin a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilationopening,

.means for swinging one of said sections into its open and closedpositions, normally tolded bars, having a hinge-joint connection attheir inner ends and connected at their outer ends to said sections,said bars unfolding in the opening movement of said first section andstraightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting said sectionstogether so that when said first named sectionis swung into its closedposition, the other section is swung into its open position, and meansfor breaking the joint between said bars.

6. A Ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with ameans providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged,angularly disposed sections, normally closing said opening, saidsections being pivoted at their adjacentmargins on a horizontal axisspaced above said ventilationiopening and being capable of a swingingmovement in a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilationopening, means for swinging one of said sections into its open andclosed positions, normally folded bars, having a liinge-joint connectionat their inner ends and connected at their outer ends to said sections,said bars unfolding in the opening movement of said -first section andstraightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting said sectionstogether so that when said first named section is swung into its closedposition, the other section is swung into its open position, and meansoperable at a distance removed from said bars for breaking thejointbetween said bars.

7. A ventilator of the kind described. coinlill) prising in combinationwith a means providing a ventilation opening. a pair of oppositelyarranged. angularly disposed sections, normally closing said oj'iening.said sections being' pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizfnitalaxis spaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of aswinging movement in a vertical plane away from and toward saidventilation opening. means for swinging one of said sections into itsopen and closed positions. normally folded bars. having a hinge-jointconnection at their inner ends and connected at their outer ends to saidsections. said bars unfolding in the opening movement of said firstsection and straightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting saidsections together so that when said first named section is swung intoits closed position. the other section is swung into its open position,and means operable at a distance removed from'sa'id bars and only whenthe first section is 1n its open position, for breakingl the jointbetween said bars.

S. ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with ameans providing a ventilation opening. a pair of oppositely arranged.angular-ly disposed se-etions. normally closing said opening, saidsections being pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizontal axisspaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a` swinging'movement in a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilationopening, means for swinging one of' said sections into its open andclosed positions. normally folded bars. having a binge-joint connectionat their inner ends and connected at their outer' ends to said sections,said bars unfolding in the opening movement-'of said first section andstraightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting said sectionstogether so that when said first named section is swung into its closedposition, the other section is swung into 'its open position. alongitudinal .shaft arranged in a plane below that of the pivotal axisof said sections, flexible members fixed to said shaft and to thejointbetween said bars. and means for rotating said shaft for windingsaid flexible members about said shaft to break the joint between saidbars, said means being operable only when said first named section is inan open position.

9. A ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with ameans providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged,angularly disposed sections, normally closing said opening, saidsections being pivoted attheir adjacent margins on a horizontal axisspaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swingingmovement in a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilationopening, means for swinging one of said sections into its open andclosed positions. normally folded bars. having a hinge joint connectionat their inner ends and connected at their outer ends to said sections,said bars unfolding in the opening movement of said first sectionnindstraightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting said sectionstogether sothat when said first named section is swung into its closedposition. the other section is swung into its open position, alongitudinal shaft arranged in aplane below that ot' the pivotal axis ofsaid sections, flexible niemberstixed to said shaft and to the jointbetween said bars. .a pulley on said shaft. a chain for operating saidpulley to rotate the shaft for winding said flexible members about theshaft to break the joint between said bars. and means on one of saidbarsI for automatically gripping said chain and holding said chain whensaid first named section is in any position other than an open position.

lt). A ventilator of the kind described. comprising in combination withmeans providing a ventilation opening, end plates rising from said meansat the ends of said openings. a member extending centrally of saidopening. standards arising from said member. means for bracing saidstandards, a pair of' oppositely arranged. angularly disposed sectionsnormally closing said opening, said sections being pivoted at theiradjacent margins to the top ends of said standards and being capable ota swinging movement away from and toward said ventilation opening. ashaft journaled in said standards below the pivotal axis of saidsections. meansl for swinging one of said sections into its open andclosed position. bars jointed together at their inner ends and connectedat their other ends to each sect-ion, flexible members connecting saidbars to the shaft, a chain operated pulley on said shaft, and a fiatloop carried by one of said bars and adapted to grip the chain and holdit against operation at all times except when one of said sections is inan open position.

11. In a ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combinationwith a pair of oppositely arranged, angular-lv disposed sections whichare pivoted at their adjacent margins to swing in a. vertical planeabout a horizontal axis, Sealing strips, one carried by each adjacentmargin. said strips being adapted in the swinging movement of thesections to telescope, the one within the other without. disengagement.

l2. In a ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combinationwith a pair of oppositely arranged, angularly disposed SeC- tions whichare pivoted at their adjacent margins to swing in a vertical plane abouta` horizontal axis, sealing strips, one carried by each adjacent margin,said strips being adapted in the swinging movement of the sections totelescope, the one within the the other without disengagement, one ofsaid sealingr strips including* a trough which opens at the ends or'said strip.

13. ln a construction of the kind described `the combination ot'downwardly and outwardly inclined rooil rafters, roof sections supportedby said rafters. the said roof sections beingspaced apart at their topmargins to provide an opening at the ridge of the roof. upright membersfixed to the rafters at the ridge of the roof and extending into a planeabove said ridge. means for bracingsaid upright members from saidrafters and ventilator sections for opening and el0s- JosEPH sYLVAN.

lVitnesses T. H. ALFREDS, EDITH A. BREEZE.

